Chuck



Feb. 20,1923.

jc., H. FRAU.

cHuc'K. ORIGINAL FILED JULY 16. I920- 3 SHEETS-SHEET I- g I z C. R. PRATT.

cHucK. ORIGINAL FILED IUL. I6, 1920. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- Feb. 20, 1923. 1,446,065.

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' the line 1 1 of Fig. 2, being partly in eleva- Patented Feb; 20, 1923.

CHARLES R. PRATT, on MoNTcLAiR, NEW. JnnsnY'VAssIGivon To `THE n. Hon'ron a soN COMPANY, or winnson NEcTIcUT.

' Application med Juiy 1c, 19,20, seria; 110,396,808. Renewed october-a, i922,

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known thatl, CHARLES R. PRATT, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Montclair, in the county of Essex, State of New Jersey, have invented an Improvement in Chucks, of which the following description, in connectioniwith theaccompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts.y

This invention in chucks.

It is among the objects lof the `invention to provide chuck, primarily useful in co-nnection with turning `work on lathe centers and permitting ready opening and closing, preferably while the lathe spindle is turning.

In the drawings, which show a preferred form of one embodiment of my invention Figure 1 is a section, through a chuck, on

tion;

Figs. 2, 3, and 4 are sections on the lines 2 2, 3 3 and 4- 4 of Fig. 1 respectively, each being partly in elevation;

Fig. 5 is a front elevationof the chuck;

Fig. 6 is a side elevation of a portion of` the chuck showing an end view of and associated parts;` and Fig. 7 is a view, showing a part of the chuck rim broken away to show a preferred form of .toggle mechanism forming a portion -of the preferred jaw-operating mecha-l nism. v f

Referring to the drawings and to the preferred form of my invention selected for a jaw illustrative purposes, I have shown a chuck of the general type disclosed in my co-pend'- ing application, Serial No. 386,492 filed June 4th, 1920, and useful primarily for turning work on centers, though .many features may be useful in other connect-ions. The specific form of my invention illustrated includes achuck body, preferablyv including a rim portion'9, a face portion 10 and a. hub portion 11, said body preferably carrying in guided relation to` theV face por# tion a plurality of slides 12, forming a portion of the jaw mechanism, but preferably supplied with work-gripping jaws 13, which may be and preferably are adjustablyv mounted on the slides 12, sucliadjustment preferably being, as shown, provided by mounting the gripping jaws.' 13 in guide-V wgys @a they glides [12 and typreviaing rvjusted relationship pertains to improvements 'I Whenthe roller 34 bearsjagainstith CHUCK.

y sei-iai no'. 59ans.

clamping means typified by the screw `14 aws/in any desired ad. f

for binding said j to the slides 12. i

LOCKS, CONNECTICUT, A CORPOR'JI'ION OF CON# The jaw. mounting maybe generally .like

that shown in my above referred to.

co-pending` application A `The chuck illustrated is primarily,fthough not exclusively, int-ended for turning work oncenters, and to this end-lhave provided an aperture extending through the axis of the chuck so that a lathe center held in the spindle of the lathe, may project throughthe chuck and into proximity to the jaws of the chuck." drawings, is numbered 19. i

In the preferred form of my invention The lathe spindle, illustrated in the illustrated in the fdrawingsthe pressureof the jaws on the work'is resilient, and Ipre-ferably provide 'this resiliency by spring means, herein typified bythe distortable' ring 21 connected VAto the jaws by thrust means hereiny typified bythe thrust ele-v ments 22, which may operate as @gigglesy and which n preferably include features ymore usually associated with? cam` mechanism, as more fully described-hereinafter. The thrust elements 22 .are connected to :the slides 12" by pivot pins'23, and the thrust elements 22 .bear against the interior of the spring ring 21.: The angular positionof the'thrust ele-l` ments 22 may bey changed to? operate .the

jawsand to put pressure on the spring ring y in any suitable way, ybutlprefer toperform v this providing a spider 24, having means'y 'l engagingeach of the thrust elements 22,'such means being .typified `by the pins or projections 25 4located 4atfeachside of each l i thrust element.' The Ispider 24 is preferably ,adapted to be oscillated-to change the angle of position of the thrust elements, Vsuch oscillation Ibeing preferably 4effected 'by 'means `operable while the chuck is rotating, fand preferably dispensing preferred y'mechanism illustrated includes a roller-34 adapted to cooperate-with a cam surface 35, hereinshownl as lformed interiorly of .a ring 36 encircling the chuck body anduadapted to `,rotatey relative thereto,`pref1 erably, as shown, throughout any desired number of complete rev'oglutions.-4

e'v poril tions of the cam surface 35 which are more remote from the axis of the chuck, the toggle elements 30, 3l will be flexed to a considerable degree of angularity and the piv` ots 32 and 33 will be closer to one another than when the toggle is straightened by reason oit the bearing of the roller 34 against the portions of the cam surface 35' which are nearer the axis oit the chuck.

The two extreme positions of the toggle are illustrated in` Fig. l. It will be understood that the position illustrated wherein the toggle is straightened, the roller 34C being marked 345, would not occur while the chuck body and cam ring 36 are in the relative positions illustrated, but would occur pin'suant to turning of the cam ring 36 relative to the chucky body in a clockwise direction through approximately three hundred and forty degrees.

Then the toggle is flexed the relative positions ot chuck body and spider Q4 will be as shown in Fig. 1, the thrust elements being rocked into work-releasing position and the jaws being retracted from the work by the spring '(Fig. 2), which presses the thrust elements 22 away from the axis or' the' chuck, and by reason of the connections 23 between the thrust elements 22 and slide jaws 12, serves also to retract the jaws froml the work held between them.

`When the toggle elements 30, 31 are straightened, the spider 24 will be turned relative to the chuck body in a clockwise direction by reason of the relative spreading apart of the pivots 32 and 33, thus causing the thrust elements 22 to press toward the* axis orp the chuck, the pivots 23 and the aws connected to them, until the jaws engage the work. Any further relative movement of the spider relative to the chuck in a yclockwise direction, after the aws contact with the work will be ell'ective to distort the spring ring 21 and hence to apply yielding, tollow-up pressure to the work.

The cam' ring `may be journalled on the chuck body through two rollers running in a centric groove 61 in thecam ring 36, and the toggle roller 34 may serve as an additional yroller journal. The toggle 30, 31 tends to remain flexed and to keep the roller 84; against the cam' surface 3.5.

` is reviousl stated when the cam rino Y 1 t,

36 and chuck body are in the position shown in Fig. l, the chuck jaws are not grip-ping theL work. It the chuck is rotating in a contrafclockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. l, retardation of the cam ring 36 will effect relative rotation ot the cam ring relative to theV chuck body Thiswill cause the toggle to be'straightened and therefore cause the spider to oscillate relative to the chuck body ina clockwise direetijon, thereby'cansing the jaws' te "grin the Work.

in a clockwise direction.l

lt a complete revolution of the cam ring relative to the chuck body is effected, the jaws will again release the work. rlhe retarding operation should, therefore, be terminated before the complete relative revolution of the parts is effected. `When it is desired to release the work, a further retardation of the cam ring 36 will complete the cy-r cle ot operation and release the work.

While l have shown and described a preferred form of one embodiment of my invention, it will be understood that changes involving omission, substitution, alteration, and reversal oli' parts, and even changes in the mode of operation, may be made without departing from the scope of my invention, which is best delined in the following claims.

Claims: y

l. A chuck comprising, in combination, a plurality ot jaws, a floating jaw-operating` spring ring for moving said jaws coordinately toward the work and means ttor oscillating said ring during rotation of the chuck for controlling movement ot said jaws in work-engaging or work-releasing direction. Y'

2. A chuck comprising, in combination, a plurality ot aws, floating means resiliently actuating said jaws toward the work and means operable while the chuck is rotating for controlling movement ot said jaws in work-engaging or work-releasing direction.

3. A chuck comprising, in combination, a plurality ot jaws, floating jaw-operating means for moving said jaws coordinately toward the work and cani means operable during rotation of the chuck for controlling movement oia said jaws in work-engaging or work-releasing direction.

e. A chuck comprising, in combination, a plurality ot jaws, floating means resilient-ly actuating said jaws toward the work and cam means operable while the chuck is rotating 'for controlling movement o'l' said jaws in work-engaging or work-releasing direction. y 'A 5. A chuck comprising` in combination, a plurality of j aws, floating jaw-operating means for moving said jaws coordinately toward the work and toggle means operable during rotation of' the chuck 'tor (.ontrolling` movement of said aws in worlrengaging or workieleasing direction. d 'l 6. A. chuck comprising, in combi-nation, a plurality ot jawsvn floating means resilientu ly actuating jaws toward the work and toggle means operable while the chuck is rotating 'for controlling movement oit' said jaws in work-engaging or work-releasing direction.

4. A chuck comprising, in combination, a

plurality oi` jaws, tloating jaw-operating means for moving said jaws coordinately to ward the work and cam and toggle means operable during rotation of the chuck for controlling movement of said jaws in workengaging` or work-releasing direction.

8. A chuck comprising, in combination, a plurality of jaws, floating means resiliently actua-ting said jaws toward the work and cam and toggle means operable while the chuck is ret-ating for controlling movement of said jaws in work-engagingor workmeleasing direction.

9. A chuck comprising, in combination, a body, a plurality of jaws, a floating spider, thrust elements between said floating spider and jaws. toggle means between saidbody and said floating spider, and cam means for straightening` said toggle tov oscillate said floating spider in a direction to apply the pressure of said jaws on the work.

10. A chuck comprising, in combination, a body, a plurality of jaws, a floating spider, thrust elements` between said floating` spider and jaws, toggle means between. said body and said floatingspider, and cam means for straightening said toggle to oscilla-te said floating spider in a direction to apply the pressure of Said jaws on the work, said toggle having a roller projecting beyond the rim of said body to engage said cam means.

l1. A chuck comprising, in combination, a body, a plurality of jaws slidable in guided relation to said body, floating means for resiliently actuating said jaws into work-engaging position, and controlling means operable during rotation of the chuck for applying or removing the pressure of said floating resilient means from the jaws, said controlling means including a ring having an interior cam surface andsurrounding the chuck body. j 12. A chuck comprising,`in combination,.- a body, a plurality` of :jaws slidablefin guided relation tosaid body, floating means' comprising a spring ring for resiliently actuating said jaws into work-engaging powork-engaging` position, l and controlling means operable during rotation ofthe chuck fer applying or removingthe ypressure ofi said floating resilient means from the jaws, said controlling means including a ring having an interior camsurface and surrounding the chuck body.

In testimony whereof, I have signed myj name to this specification.

CHARLES R. PRATT. 

